EDITORIAL

Once again I am delighted to present to the readers the Volume 4(2011) of the journal Karatoya: North Bengal University Journal of History.This time I have a feeling of contentment relatively more than the earlier volumes of the journal. The volume 4 is being published after all the articles having been refereed and peer reviewed and with the ISSN 2229-4880.

I express my deep gratitude to the contributors especially to Prof. M. Bhattacharya and Prof.M . Hanneman. Prof. Bhattacharya delivered a special Lecture in the Department of History, University of North Bengal and has kindly given permission to publish the same in this volume. Prof. Hanneman, Fulbright Nehru Visiting Professor, spoke on her article in an International Seminar organized jointly by the Department of History, University ofNorth Bengal and the United States-India Educational Foundation (USIEF), She also contributed her lecture for publication in this volume.

A wide range of themes have been dealt with by the scholars, I extend my thanks to all of them. I express my deep gratitude on behalf of the Department of History to them all who have directly or indirectly helped in the publication of this volume. The unfailing cooperation of the North Bengal University Press is gratefolly remembered.

Dr. Anita Bagchi
Editor-in-Chief

ARTICLES